Emergency rescue & assistance for Playing outdoor

By Johnson Wu from Huadong Entertainment Equipment Co. 1, Types of the security incidents: A, Falling accidents: defined by the height datum (2m) high falls, causing casualties and property losses. B, Impact (falling): refers to people hit fixed objects and moving objects hitting people, collided, coming fall, impact, impact and other. C, Capsizing accidents: refers to the equipment collapsed, causing casualties and property losses. D, Electric shock accidents: refers to direct contact with the power of the human body, a certain amount of current through the body, causing casualties. E, The contact (high temperature moving parts): refers to human exposure to high temperature moving parts, causing casualties. F, Fire accidents: refers to burning out of control in time and space as a result of casualties and property damage. 2, Staff first aid of all kinds of accidents. 2.1 Falling accident injuries first aid. 2.1.1 Clear around loose objects and other sharp objects to avoid further injury. 2.1.2 Removed the wounded body gear and a hard object in his pocket. 2.1.3 If the scene is more dangerous, shall promptly transfer the injured. In the course of handling and transfer, neck and trunk do not forward or reverse, the spine should be straight, absolute law against a lift a leg to move the wounded to avoid or aggravating paraplegia. 2.1.4 If the scene without any danger, paramedics can present cases at once, try not to transport the injured. 2.1.5 Part trauma should be bind up properly, but cerebrospinal fluid leakage for suspected skull fractures and injuries should never be filled, so as not to lead to intracranial infections. 2.1.6 The maxillofacial region wounded should first keep respiratory tract clear, remove dentures, cleared of displaced tissue fragments, blood clots, and oral secretions, while releasing the casualty's neck and chest button. If the tongue or mouth after intraocular foreign body cannot be cleared, available 12th needle puncture and cricothyroid membrane to maintain breathing, as early as possible a tracheotomy. 2.1.7 Combined injuries require plane supine, keep respiratory tract clear and unbuttoned collar buckles. 2.1.8 Peripheral vascular injury, oppression over artery injuries to bones. Placed directly on the wound and thick dressings, bandages, compression bandage without bleeding and do not affect the blood circulation in limbs and often effective. Tourniquet when the above method does not work when used with caution, as short as possible, in principle the use of time, generally no more than 1 hour, marked, indicate the tourniquet on time. 2.1.9 Given intravenous fluids to supplement the blood volume if possible. 2.1.10 when an accident happens, responsible person should make the 120 first-aid calls immediately, indicating wounded condition, driving directions, contact maintenance crew bus stand and arrange admission to the fork command route for ambulances. 2.1.11 Responsible person should protect the scene, avoiding other unrelated persons close to the scene. 2.2 First aid for impacts (falling) injuries: in cases of the impacts (falling) accident happens, the responsible person should according to the wounded and injured, adopt the necessary medical treatment combined with the scene, rescue focused on traumatic brain injury, chest fractures, vertebral fractures and bleeding. 2.2.1 First observing the conditions of the wounded, location, nature of injury, stop bleeding with a bandage or cloth bandage if bleeding 2.2.2 If the wounded shock, shock should be dealing with first. When breathing, heartbeat stopped, should carried out the artificial respiration, extrathoracic compression immediately. The shock wounded should keep quiet, warm, prostration, don’t move, and rising lower limb about 20 degrees or so, taken to hospital for treatment as soon as possible. 2.2.3 If the brain injury, should maintain airway patency. Should participate equally in a coma down, face turned to one side to prevent the tongue falling or secretions, vomitus aspiration, laryngeal obstruction occurs. 2.2.4 Fracture, should be moving after the initial fixed, if it is a spinal fracture, do not bend, twist the injured neck and body, not to touch the wounds of the injured, injured body relaxation, as much as possible to carry injured people on stretchers or on a flat plate. 2.2.5 In case of a depressed fracture , severe fracture of skull base and serious brain injury symptoms occur, with sterile gauze or a clean cloth cover the wound with bandages or cloth wrapped the wound, send to conditional hospital for treatment timely . 2.2.6 The casualty accidents, responsible person should immediately call 120 emergency phone, the injuries, the route, with vehicles to standby at any time, and arrange personnel to the route entry fork command ambulance. 2.2.7 Owner should arrange the inspection personnel to protect the scene of the accident, to avoid other irrelevant personnel near the scene. 2.3 When Overturning accident happens, owner should according to the injured situation, combining with the actual implementation of the necessary medical care, rescue focus on craniocerebral injury, fracture, drowning, visceral injury, electric shock for processing. 2.3.1 First observe the injury site, the nature of injury, stanch with bandage or cloth for the bleeding wound. 2.3.2 If the wounded shock, shock should be dealing with first. When breathing, heartbeat stopped, should carried out the artificial respiration, extrathoracic compression immediately. The shock wounded should keep quiet, warm, prostration, don’t move, and rising lower limb about 20 degrees or so, taken to hospital for treatment as soon as possible. 2.3.3 If the brain injury, should maintain airway patency. Should participate equally in a coma down, face turned to one side to prevent the tongue falling or secretions, vomitus aspiration, laryngeal obstruction occurs. 2.3.4 Fracture, should be moving after the initial fixed, if it is a spinal fracture, do not bend, twist the injured neck and body, not to touch the wounds of the injured, injured body relaxation, as much as possible to carry injured people on stretchers or on a flat plate. 2.3.5 In case of a depressed fracture , severe fracture of skull base and serious brain injury symptoms occur, with sterile gauze or a clean cloth cover the wound with bandages or cloth wrapped the wound, send to conditional hospital for treatment timely . 2.3.6 As drowning man, should be the first to organize personnel to salvage the drowning , in case of asphyxia, should clean the silt and other substances in the wounded in time, compressions the chest to discharge the fluid in the lungs, and then give artificial respiration, and sent to hospital in time. 2.3.7 In case of visceral injury by falling from the overturning equipment, should try to make people lie down, keep the airway unobstructed, and sene to the hospital for treatment timely. 2.3.8 In case of electric shock, should cut off the power supply first, take the injured away from the accident scene. In case of asphyxia, should give the artificial respiration and external chest compression as soon as possible. Bandage the burn the skin with gauze, and send to hospital jin time. 2.3.9 The casualty accidents, responsible person should immediately call 120 emergency phone, the injuries, the route, with vehicles to standby at any time, and arrange personnel to the route entry fork command ambulance. 2.3.10 Owner should arrange the inspection personnel to protect the scene of the accident, to avoid other irrelevant personnel near the scene. 2.4 Emergency for the electric shock accident injuries. 2.4.1 Out of the power timely. A. Cut off the power switch, or truncate the electric wire to disconnect the power with the electrician pliers. Because the longer current time the heavier damage. B. If far away from the power switch or hard to disconnect the power supply, can pry the wire on the electric shocker with dry sticks or bamboo. Also could apart the shocker from the electric by hand pad with the insulating materials. 2.4.2 Emergency for injuries 2.4.2.1 When the electric shock were away from the power supply, adopt different emergency measures according to the degree of electric shock A. If the electric shock injuries are not serious, still conscious, just numb limbs, body weakness, or even once a coma, but did not lose consciousness, to make local quiet rest for 1~2h, and closely observe. B. If a shock damage is more serious, no perception, no breathing, but the heart is beating, artificial respiration should be immediately. If breathing, but the heart stops beating, it should adopt the external chest compression method. C. If a shock damage is very serious, heartbeat and breathing has stopped, dilated pupils, loss of consciousness, must also take artificial respiration and chest cardiac compression two methods together. D. To do artificial respiration and chest outside pressing must have patience, and adhere to the rescue, until the people life, or confirmed dead. E. Do not interrupt the emergency work on the way to the hospital 2.4.2.2 Mouth to mouth (nose) artificial respiration. Before give mouth to mouth breathing method, should be quickly unravel the collar, coat,belt which will disorders electric shocker’s breathe, and quickly removed food, shedding teeth, blood, mucus and something others which may impede breathing in electric shocker’s oral. As the mouth to mouth (nasal) breathing, should make the electric shock supine, head full back, (the best hand in shock after the neck), nose up, to keep the airway unobstructed. Operation of mouth to mouth (nasal) method of artificial respiration as below: A. Keep the electric shocker’s nostrils or mouth closed, paramedics took a deep breath to electric shock by mouth (or nose) inward insufflation, lasting about 2 seconds. B. Blowing end, away from the electric shocker’s mouth (or nose), and release the electric shock nostrils (or lips), let his own breath, for about 3 seconds. C. If unable to make the electric shock open the mouth, can take the mouth to nose breathing method. 2.4.2.3 External cardiac compression method. Should make the electric shock lying on the solid place, position is same with mouth to mouth (nasal) breathing. Action essentials as follows: A, The ambulanceman should kneel on the side or riding knelt on both sides of the electric shocker’s waist, hands stacked, palm root in the heart at the top, about 1/3 to 1/2 under the sternum. B,palm root vertically downward(back direction)extrusion forced, sag 3~4 cm for adult, , extrusion to once per second, 60 times per minute is appropriate. C. Palm root raise up quickly after extrusion, let the electric shock chest automatic recovery. Palm root without having to completely leave the chest when Relax. 2.4.3 The casualty accidents, responsible person should immediately call 120 emergency phone, the injuries, the route, with vehicles to standby at any time, and arrange personnel to the route entry fork command ambulance. 2.4.4 Owner should arrange the inspection personnel to protect the scene of the accident, to avoid other irrelevant personnel near the scene. 2.5 First aid for contact (high temperature parts) wounded. 2.5.1 When people contact high temperature part, owner should take the necessary treatment at the scene according to wounded and injured, combined with practical application situation. To take the wounded to a safe place if possible. 2.5.2 When people contact the high temperature parts,the ambulanceman should arrive the scene as soon as possible and call around the people informed the Medical Department in a timely, and take the burn personnel away from the scene, if possible, cut out clothes. Check for injuries, such as brain and thoracic and abdominal viscera has no harm, if poisoning, fractures, etc. Pay attention to prevent the shock,asphyxiation,wound infection,when necessary,available analgesics,drink weak brine. Note: generally not processing the wound surface at the scene except the chemical burn, don’t break the blister, covered with clean clothes, and sent the wounded to hospital for treatment timely. First-degree burn or small area of mild burns, wash or soaking the wound with cold water immediately, reduce the surface temperature,and then coated with egg, sesame oil,generally cost 3 to5 days to heal. One or two degree burns disable sticky gauze, prohibited area coated with grease, purple potion, and so on. Third-degree burns or facial, hands, feet and body surface area of perineal burn area of more than 1%, use clean cloth cover, 120 phone calls immediately, to ask for emergency treatment. When persons exposure to low temperature objects, such as indicated in the preliminary frostbite, frostbitten areas should be placed into a warm place, such as stuck in the armpit hand or foot arrived in the companion's stomach, but avoid staying too long with companion. Will feel pain during recovery. Deep frostbite, discovered in time to prevent even worse, best to do is to put the frostbitten parts in approximately 28-28.5 degrees warm water slowly recovered, but must not rub with snow or bake with fire. In addition, for severe injuries, they should immediately call 120, to help medical personnel of emergency medical treatment. 2.5.3 The casualty accidents, responsible person should immediately call 120 emergency phone, the injuries, the route, with vehicles to standby at any time, and arrange personnel to the route entry fork command ambulance. 2.5.4 Owner should arrange the inspection personnel to protect the scene of the accident, to avoid other irrelevant personnel near the scene. 2.6 Rescue for fire accident injured 2.6.1 Cut off power supply immediately in order to prevent electric shock during the blaze. 2.6.2 Such as precision instrument fire should use CO2 fire extinguisher to put out the fire. 2.6.3 Such as oil, liquid glue fire should use foam or dry powder fire extinguishers, prohibited the use of water to put out the fire. 2.6.4 Produce toxic substances in the burning fire fighting, rescue personnel should wear gas masks can be used only for the fighting. 2.6.5 During the process of extinguishing fires, always adhere to the principle of saving lives first, reset life to save material is strictly prohibited without help. 2.6.6 First aid for injury. As soon as the personnel were injured, combined with practical application necessary medical treatment at the scene, on the burned area with a large amount of clean cold water wash, injury allowing cases, rescue group is responsible for organizing the personnel carrying injured people, transferred to a safe place. 2.6.7 The casualty accidents, responsible person should immediately call 120 emergency phone, the injuries, the route, with vehicles to standby at any time, and arrange personnel to the route entry fork command ambulance. 2.6.8 Owner should arrange the inspection personnel to protect the scene of the accident, to avoid other irrelevant personnel near the scene.